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Patrick M Schlievert
Title Adjunct Professor
Institution MEDICAL SCHOOL - TC CAMPUS
Department Microbiology
Division MICRO Microbiology Admin
Address 960 Mayo 
420 Delaware St SE 
Minneapolis, MN 55455 
Telephone 319-335-7807 
Email
Publications
1. Bin L, Kim BE, Brauweiler A, Goleva E, Streib J, Ji Y, Schlievert PM, Leung DY. Staphylococcus aureus a-toxin modulates skin host response to viral infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Sep; 130(3):683-691.e2.
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2. Breshears LM, Schlievert PM, Peterson ML. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Signaling Drive the Epithelial Response to Staphylococcus aureus Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1). J Biol Chem. 2012 Sep 21; 287(39):32578-87.
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3. Kohler PL, Greenwood SD, Nookala S, Kotb M, Kranz DM, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Encode Variant Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Proteins That Are Diverse in Superantigenicity and Lethality. PLoS One. 2012; 7(7):e41157.
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4. Schlievert PM, Peterson ML. Glycerol monolaurate antibacterial activity in broth and biofilm cultures. PLoS One. 2012; 7(7):e40350.
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5. Spaulding AR, Lin YC, Merriman JA, Brosnahan AJ, Peterson ML, Schlievert PM. Immunity to Staphylococcus aureus secreted proteins protects rabbits from serious illnesses. Vaccine. 2012 Jul 20; 30(34):5099-109.
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6. Fan J, Zhang Y, Chuang-Smith ON, Frank KL, Guenther BD, Kern M, Schlievert PM, Herzberg MC. Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase: A Candidate Virulence Factor in Streptococcus sanguinis Experimental Endocarditis. PLoS One. 2012; 7(6):e38059.
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7. Anderson MJ, Lin YC, Gillman AN, Parks PJ, Schlievert PM, Peterson ML. Alpha-Toxin Promotes Staphylococcus aureus Mucosal Biofilm Formation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012; 2:64.
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8. Schaefers MM, Breshears LM, Anderson MJ, Lin YC, Grill AE, Panyam J, Southern PJ, Schlievert PM, Peterson ML. Epithelial proinflammatory response and curcumin-mediated protection from staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. PLoS One. 2012; 7(3):e32813.
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9. Spaulding AR, Satterwhite EA, Lin YC, Chuang-Smith ON, Frank KL, Merriman JA, Schaefers MM, Yarwood JM, Peterson ML, Schlievert PM. Comparison of Staphylococcus aureus strains for ability to cause infective endocarditis and lethal sepsis in rabbits. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012; 2:18.
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10. Frank KL, Barnes AM, Grindle SM, Manias DA, Schlievert PM, Dunny GM. Use of Recombinase-Based In Vivo Expression Technology To Characterize Enterococcus faecalis Gene Expression during Infection Identifies In Vivo-Expressed Antisense RNAs and Implicates the Protease Eep in Pathogenesis. Infect Immun. 2012 Feb; 80(2):539-49.
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11. Wilson GJ, Seo KS, Cartwright RA, Connelley T, Chuang-Smith ON, Merriman JA, Guinane CM, Park JY, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM, Morrison WI, Fitzgerald JR. A novel core genome-encoded superantigen contributes to lethality of community-associated MRSA necrotizing pneumonia. PLoS Pathog. 2011 Oct; 7(10):e1002271.
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12. Tyner HL, Schlievert PM, Baddour LM. Beta-hemolytic streptococcal erythroderma syndrome: a clinical and pathogenic analysis. Am J Med Sci. 2011 Oct; 342(4):343-4.
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13. Devries AS, Lesher L, Schlievert PM, Rogers T, Villaume LG, Danila R, Lynfield R. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome 2000-2006: epidemiology, clinical features, and molecular characteristics. PLoS One. 2011; 6(8):e22997.
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14. Lin YC, Anderson MJ, Kohler PL, Strandberg KL, Olson ME, Horswill AR, Schlievert PM, Peterson ML. Proinflammatory Exoprotein Characterization of Toxic Shock Syndrome Staphylococcus aureus. Biochemistry. 2011 Aug 23; 50(33):7157-67.
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15. Goertz CE, Frasca S, Bohach GA, Cowan DF, Buck JD, French RA, De Guise S, Maratea J, Hinckley L, Ewalt D, Schlievert PM, Karst SM, Deobald CF, St Aubin DJ, Dunn JL. Brucella sp. vertebral osteomyelitis with intercurrent fatal Staphylococcus aureus toxigenic enteritis in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). J Vet Diagn Invest. 2011 Jul; 23(4):845-51.
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16. Brosnahan AJ, Schlievert PM. Gram-positive bacterial superantigen outside-in signaling causes toxic shock syndrome. FEBS J. 2011 Dec; 278(23):4649-67.
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17. Broccardo CJ, Mahaffey S, Schwarz J, Wruck L, David G, Schlievert PM, Reisdorph NA, Leung DY. Comparative proteomic profiling of patients with atopic dermatitis based on history of eczema herpeticum infection and Staphylococcus aureus colonization. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jan; 127(1):186-193.e11.
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18. Strandberg KL, Rotschafer JH, Vetter SM, Buonpane RA, Kranz DM, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal superantigens cause lethal pulmonary disease in rabbits. J Infect Dis. 2010 Dec 1; 202(11):1690-7.
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19. Malachowa N, Kohler PL, Schlievert PM, Chuang ON, Dunny GM, Kobayashi SD, Miedzobrodzki J, Bohach GA, Seo KS. Characterization of a Staphylococcus aureus Surface Virulence Factor That Promotes Resistance to Oxidative Killing and Infectious Endocarditis. Infect Immun. 2011 Jan; 79(1):342-52.
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20. Schlievert PM, Chuang-Smith ON, Peterson ML, Cook LC, Dunny GM. Enterococcus faecalis Endocarditis Severity in Rabbits Is Reduced by IgG Fabs Interfering with Aggregation Substance. PLoS One. 2010; 5(10).
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21. Wang N, Mattis DM, Sundberg EJ, Schlievert PM, Kranz DM. A Single, Engineered Protein Therapeutic Agent Neutralizes Exotoxins from Both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010 Nov; 17(11):1781-9.
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22. Huseby MJ, Kruse AC, Digre J, Kohler PL, Vocke JA, Mann EE, Bayles KW, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH, Earhart CA. Beta toxin catalyzes formation of nucleoprotein matrix in staphylococcal biofilms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Aug 10; 107(32):14407-12.
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23. Schlievert PM, Nemeth KA, Davis CC, Peterson ML, Jones BE. Staphylococcus aureus exotoxins are present in vivo in tampons. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010 May; 17(5):722-7.
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24. Schlievert PM, Strandberg KL, Lin YC, Peterson ML, Leung DY. Secreted virulence factor comparison between methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and its relevance to atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Jan; 125(1):39-49.
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25. John CC, Niermann M, Sharon B, Peterson ML, Kranz DM, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome erythroderma is associated with superantigenicity and hypersensitivity. Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Dec 15; 49(12):1893-6.
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26. Strandberg KL, Peterson ML, Lin YC, Pack MC, Chase DJ, Schlievert PM. Glycerol Monolaurate Inhibits Candida and Gardnerella vaginalis In Vitro and In Vivo but Not Lactobacillus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Feb; 54(2):597-601.
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27. Strandberg KL, Peterson ML, Schaefers MM, Case LC, Pack MC, Chase DJ, Schlievert PM. Reduction in Staphylococcus aureus growth and exotoxin production and in vaginal interleukin 8 levels due to glycerol monolaurate in tampons. Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Dec 1; 49(11):1711-7.
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28. Lin YC, Schlievert PM, Anderson MJ, Fair CL, Schaefers MM, Muthyala R, Peterson ML. Glycerol monolaurate and dodecylglycerol effects on Staphylococcus aureus and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One. 2009; 4(10):e7499.
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29. Schlievert PM. Cytolysins, superantigens, and pneumonia due to community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Infect Dis. 2009 Sep 1; 200(5):676-8.
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30. Lin Z, Kotler DP, Schlievert PM, Sordillo EM. Staphylococcal enterocolitis: forgotten but not gone? Dig Dis Sci. 2010 May; 55(5):1200-7.
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31. Leung DY, Hanifin JM, Pariser DM, Barber KA, Langley RG, Schlievert PM, Abrams B, Hultsch T. Effects of pimecrolimus cream 1% in the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis who demonstrate a clinical insensitivity to topical corticosteroids: a randomized, multicentre vehicle-controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2009 Aug; 161(2):435-43.
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32. Li Q, Estes JD, Schlievert PM, Duan L, Brosnahan AJ, Southern PJ, Reilly CS, Peterson ML, Schultz-Darken N, Brunner KG, Nephew KR, Pambuccian S, Lifson JD, Carlis JV, Haase AT. Glycerol monolaurate prevents mucosal SIV transmission. Nature. 2009 Apr 23; 458(7241):1034-8.
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33. Assimacopoulos AP, Strandberg KL, Rotschafer JH, Schlievert PM. Extreme pyrexia and rapid death due to Staphylococcus aureus infection: analysis of 2 cases. Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Mar 1; 48(5):612-4.
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34. Brosnahan AJ, Mantz MJ, Squier CA, Peterson ML, Schlievert PM. Cytolysins augment superantigen penetration of stratified mucosa. J Immunol. 2009 Feb 15; 182(4):2364-73.
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35. Brosnahan AJ, Schaefers MM, Amundson WH, Mantz MJ, Squier CA, Peterson ML, Schlievert PM. Novel toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 amino acids required for biological activity. Biochemistry. 2008 Dec 9; 47(49):12995-3003.
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36. Chuang ON, Schlievert PM, Wells CL, Manias DA, Tripp TJ, Dunny GM. Multiple functional domains of Enterococcus faecalis aggregation substance Asc10 contribute to endocarditis virulence. Infect Immun. 2009 Jan; 77(1):539-48.
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37. Schlievert PM, Strandberg KL, Brosnahan AJ, Peterson ML, Pambuccian SE, Nephew KR, Brunner KG, Schultz-Darken NJ, Haase AT. Glycerol monolaurate does not alter rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) vaginal lactobacilli and is safe for chronic use. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Dec; 52(12):4448-54.
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38. Yang X, Buonpane RA, Moza B, Rahman AK, Wang N, Schlievert PM, McCormick JK, Sundberg EJ, Kranz DM. Neutralization of multiple staphylococcal superantigens by a single-chain protein consisting of affinity-matured, variable domain repeats. J Infect Dis. 2008 Aug 1; 198(3):344-8.
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39. Schlievert PM, Case LC, Strandberg KL, Abrams BB, Leung DY. Superantigen profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients with steroid-resistant atopic dermatitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 May 15; 46(10):1562-7.
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40. Weivoda S, Andersen JD, Skogen A, Schlievert PM, Fontana D, Schacker T, Tuite P, Dubinsky JM, Jemmerson R. ELISA for human serum leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 employing cytochrome c as the capturing ligand. J Immunol Methods. 2008 Jul 20; 336(1):22-9.
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41. Squier CA, Mantz MJ, Schlievert PM, Davis CC. Porcine vagina ex vivo as a model for studying permeability and pathogenesis in mucosa. J Pharm Sci. 2008 Jan; 97(1):9-21.
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42. Schlievert PM, Case LC, Nemeth KA, Davis CC, Sun Y, Qin W, Wang F, Brosnahan AJ, Mleziva JA, Peterson ML, Jones BE. Alpha and beta chains of hemoglobin inhibit production of Staphylococcus aureus exotoxins. Biochemistry. 2007 Dec 18; 46(50):14349-58.
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43. Huseby M, Shi K, Brown CK, Digre J, Mengistu F, Seo KS, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH, Earhart CA. Structure and biological activities of beta toxin from Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 2007 Dec; 189(23):8719-26.
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44. Ulrich M, Bastian M, Cramton SE, Ziegler K, Pragman AA, Bragonzi A, Memmi G, Wolz C, Schlievert PM, Cheung A, Döring G. The staphylococcal respiratory response regulator SrrAB induces ica gene transcription and polysaccharide intercellular adhesin expression, protecting Staphylococcus aureus from neutrophil killing under anaerobic growth conditions. Mol Microbiol. 2007 Sep; 65(5):1276-87.
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45. Pragman AA, Herron-Olson L, Case LC, Vetter SM, Henke EE, Kapur V, Schlievert PM. Sequence analysis of the Staphylococcus aureus srrAB loci reveals that truncation of srrA affects growth and virulence factor expression. J Bacteriol. 2007 Oct; 189(20):7515-9.
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46. Schlievert PM. Chitosan malate inhibits growth and exotoxin production of toxic shock syndrome-inducing Staphylococcus aureus strains and group A streptococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Sep; 51(9):3056-62.
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47. Vetter SM, Schlievert PM. The two-component system Bacillus respiratory response A and B (BrrA-BrrB) is a virulence factor regulator in Bacillus anthracis. Biochemistry. 2007 Jun 26; 46(25):7343-52.
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48. Schlievert PM, Case LC, Strandberg KL, Tripp TJ, Lin YC, Peterson ML. Vaginal Staphylococcus aureus superantigen profile shift from 1980 and 1981 to 2003, 2004, and 2005. J Clin Microbiol. 2007 Aug; 45(8):2704-7.
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49. Buonpane RA, Churchill HR, Moza B, Sundberg EJ, Peterson ML, Schlievert PM, Kranz DM. Neutralization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B by soluble, high-affinity receptor antagonists. Nat Med. 2007 Jun; 13(6):725-9.
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50. Kotler DP, Sandkovsky U, Schlievert PM, Sordillo EM. Toxic shock-like syndrome associated with staphylococcal enterocolitis in an HIV-infected man. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jun 15; 44(12):e121-3.
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51. Brouillard JN, Günther S, Varma AK, Gryski I, Herfst CA, Rahman AK, Leung DY, Schlievert PM, Madrenas J, Sundberg EJ, McCormick JK. Crystal structure of the streptococcal superantigen SpeI and functional role of a novel loop domain in T cell activation by group V superantigens. J Mol Biol. 2007 Apr 6; 367(4):925-34.
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52. Pragman AA, Ji Y, Schlievert PM. Repression of Staphylococcus aureus SrrAB using inducible antisense srrA alters growth and virulence factor transcript levels. Biochemistry. 2007 Jan 9; 46(1):314-21.
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53. Schlievert PM, Case LC. Molecular analysis of staphylococcal superantigens. Methods Mol Biol. 2007; 391:113-26.
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54. Phillips JR, Tripp TJ, Regelmann WE, Schlievert PM, Wangensteen OD. Staphylococcal alpha-toxin causes increased tracheal epithelial permeability. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2006 Dec; 41(12):1146-52.
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55. Peterson ML, Schlievert PM. Glycerol monolaurate inhibits the effects of Gram-positive select agents on eukaryotic cells. Biochemistry. 2006 Feb 21; 45(7):2387-97.
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56. Cone LA, Stone RA, Schlievert PM, Sneider RA, Rubin AM, Jesser K, Renker SW. An early favorable outcome of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome may require a combination of antimicrobial and intravenous gamma globulin therapy together with activated protein C. Scand J Infect Dis. 2006; 38(11-12):960-3.
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57. Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome: still a problem. Med J Aust. 2005 Jun 20; 182(12):651-2.
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58. Hill DR, Brunner ME, Schmitz DC, Davis CC, Flood JA, Schlievert PM, Wang-Weigand SZ, Osborn TW. In vivo assessment of human vaginal oxygen and carbon dioxide levels during and post menses. J Appl Physiol. 2005 Oct; 99(4):1582-91.
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59. Peterson ML, Ault K, Kremer MJ, Klingelhutz AJ, Davis CC, Squier CA, Schlievert PM. The innate immune system is activated by stimulation of vaginal epithelial cells with Staphylococcus aureus and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Infect Immun. 2005 Apr; 73(4):2164-74.
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60. Vetter SM, Schlievert PM. Glycerol monolaurate inhibits virulence factor production in Bacillus anthracis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Apr; 49(4):1302-5.
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61. Kravitz GR, Dries DJ, Peterson ML, Schlievert PM. Purpura fulminans due to Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Apr 1; 40(7):941-7.
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62. Pragman AA, Schlievert PM. Virulence regulation in Staphylococcus aureus: the need for in vivo analysis of virulence factor regulation. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2004 Oct 1; 42(2):147-54.
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63. Perkins SL, Han DP, Burke JM, Schlievert PM, Wirostko WJ, Tarasewicz DG, Skumatz CM. Intravitreally injected human immunoglobulin attenuates the effects of Staphylococcus aureus culture supernatant in a rabbit model of toxin-mediated endophthalmitis. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Oct; 122(10):1499-506.
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64. Schlievert PM, Tripp TJ, Peterson ML. Reemergence of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota, during the 2000-2003 surveillance period. J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Jun; 42(6):2875-6.
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65. Flood JA, Tripp TJ, Davis CC, Hill DR, Schlievert PM. A toroid model for in vitro investigations of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 production. J Microbiol Methods. 2004 May; 57(2):283-8.
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66. Waters CM, Hirt H, McCormick JK, Schlievert PM, Wells CL, Dunny GM. An amino-terminal domain of Enterococcus faecalis aggregation substance is required for aggregation, bacterial internalization by epithelial cells and binding to lipoteichoic acid. Mol Microbiol. 2004 May; 52(4):1159-71.
  View in: PubMed
 
67. Pragman AA, Yarwood JM, Tripp TJ, Schlievert PM. Characterization of virulence factor regulation by SrrAB, a two-component system in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 2004 Apr; 186(8):2430-8.
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68. Dahl MV, Ross AJ, Schlievert PM. Temperature regulates bacterial protein production: possible role in rosacea. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004 Feb; 50(2):266-72.
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69. Kim SW, Grant JE, Kim SI, Swanson TA, Bernstein GA, Jaszcz WB, Williams KA, Schlievert PM. A possible association of recurrent streptococcal infections and acute onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004; 16(3):252-60.
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70. Yarwood JM, Schlievert PM. Quorum sensing in Staphylococcus infections. J Clin Invest. 2003 Dec; 112(11):1620-5.
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71. Davis CC, Kremer MJ, Schlievert PM, Squier CA. Penetration of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 across porcine vaginal mucosa ex vivo: permeability characteristics, toxin distribution, and tissue damage. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Dec; 189(6):1785-91.
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72. Bernstein JM, Ballow M, Schlievert PM, Rich G, Allen C, Dryja D. A superantigen hypothesis for the pathogenesis of chronic hyperplastic sinusitis with massive nasal polyposis. Am J Rhinol. 2003 Nov-Dec; 17(6):321-6.
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73. Saiman L, O'Keefe M, Graham PL, Wu F, Saïd-Salim B, Kreiswirth B, LaSala A, Schlievert PM, Della-Latta P. Hospital transmission of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among postpartum women. Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Nov 15; 37(10):1313-9.
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74. Dinges MM, Gregerson DS, Tripp TJ, McCormick JK, Schlievert PM. Effects of total body irradiation and cyclosporin a on the lethality of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in a rabbit model of toxic shock syndrome. J Infect Dis. 2003 Oct 15; 188(8):1142-5.
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75. Sundberg EJ, Andersen PS, Schlievert PM, Karjalainen K, Mariuzza RA. Structural, energetic, and functional analysis of a protein-protein interface at distinct stages of affinity maturation. Structure. 2003 Sep; 11(9):1151-61.
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76. McCormick JK, Tripp TJ, Llera AS, Sundberg EJ, Dinges MM, Mariuzza RA, Schlievert PM. Functional analysis of the TCR binding domain of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 predicts further diversity in MHC class II/superantigen/TCR ternary complexes. J Immunol. 2003 Aug 1; 171(3):1385-92.
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77. Langley JM, Soder CM, Schlievert PM, Murray S. Case report: Molluscum contagiosum. Toxic shock syndrome following cantharidin treatment. Can Fam Physician. 2003 Jul; 49:887-9.
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78. Fitzgerald JR, Reid SD, Ruotsalainen E, Tripp TJ, Liu M, Cole R, Kuusela P, Schlievert PM, Järvinen A, Musser JM. Genome diversification in Staphylococcus aureus: Molecular evolution of a highly variable chromosomal region encoding the Staphylococcal exotoxin-like family of proteins. Infect Immun. 2003 May; 71(5):2827-38.
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79. Orwin PM, Fitzgerald JR, Leung DY, Gutierrez JA, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM. Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin L. Infect Immun. 2003 May; 71(5):2916-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
80. Travers JB, Leung DY, Johnson C, Schlievert P, Marques M, Cosgrove J, Clay KL. Augmentation of staphylococcal alpha-toxin signaling by the epidermal platelet-activating factor receptor. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 May; 120(5):789-94.
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81. Tripp TJ, McCormick JK, Webb JM, Schlievert PM. The zinc-dependent major histocompatibility complex class II binding site of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C is critical for maximal superantigen function and toxic activity. Infect Immun. 2003 Mar; 71(3):1548-50.
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82. Holbrook TC, Munday JS, Brown CA, Glover B, Schlievert PM, Sanchez S. Toxic shock syndrome in a horse with Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003 Mar 1; 222(5):620-3, 601-2.
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83. McCormick JK, Schlievert PM. Expression, purification, and detection of novel streptococcal superantigens. Methods Mol Biol. 2003; 214:33-43.
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84. McCormick JK, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM. Pyrogenic, lethal, and emetic properties of superantigens in rabbits and primates. Methods Mol Biol. 2003; 214:245-53.
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85. Fey PD, Saïd-Salim B, Rupp ME, Hinrichs SH, Boxrud DJ, Davis CC, Kreiswirth BN, Schlievert PM. Comparative molecular analysis of community- or hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jan; 47(1):196-203.
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86. Smoot LM, McCormick JK, Smoot JC, Hoe NP, Strickland I, Cole RL, Barbian KD, Earhart CA, Ohlendorf DH, Veasy LG, Hill HR, Leung DY, Schlievert PM, Musser JM. Characterization of two novel pyrogenic toxin superantigens made by an acute rheumatic fever clone of Streptococcus pyogenes associated with multiple disease outbreaks. Infect Immun. 2002 Dec; 70(12):7095-104.
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87. Orwin PM, Leung DY, Tripp TJ, Bohach GA, Earhart CA, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM. Characterization of a novel staphylococcal enterotoxin-like superantigen, a member of the group V subfamily of pyrogenic toxins. Biochemistry. 2002 Nov 26; 41(47):14033-40.
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88. Beres SB, Sylva GL, Barbian KD, Lei B, Hoff JS, Mammarella ND, Liu MY, Smoot JC, Porcella SF, Parkins LD, Campbell DS, Smith TM, McCormick JK, Leung DY, Schlievert PM, Musser JM. Genome sequence of a serotype M3 strain of group A Streptococcus: phage-encoded toxins, the high-virulence phenotype, and clone emergence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jul 23; 99(15):10078-83.
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89. Leung DY, Meissner HC, Shulman ST, Mason WH, Gerber MA, Glode MP, Myones BL, Wheeler JG, Ruthazer R, Schlievert PM. Prevalence of superantigen-secreting bacteria in patients with Kawasaki disease. J Pediatr. 2002 Jun; 140(6):742-6.
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90. Sundberg EJ, Li H, Llera AS, McCormick JK, Tormo J, Schlievert PM, Karjalainen K, Mariuzza RA. Structures of two streptococcal superantigens bound to TCR beta chains reveal diversity in the architecture of T cell signaling complexes. Structure. 2002 May; 10(5):687-99.
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91. McCormick JK, Tripp TJ, Dunny GM, Schlievert PM. Formation of vegetations during infective endocarditis excludes binding of bacterial-specific host antibodies to Enterococcus faecalis. J Infect Dis. 2002 Apr 1; 185(7):994-7.
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92. Hirt H, Schlievert PM, Dunny GM. In vivo induction of virulence and antibiotic resistance transfer in Enterococcus faecalis mediated by the sex pheromone-sensing system of pCF10. Infect Immun. 2002 Feb; 70(2):716-23.
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93. Yarwood JM, McCormick JK, Paustian ML, Kapur V, Schlievert PM. Repression of the Staphylococcus aureus accessory gene regulator in serum and in vivo. J Bacteriol. 2002 Feb; 184(4):1095-101.
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94. Yarwood JM, McCormick JK, Paustian ML, Orwin PM, Kapur V, Schlievert PM. Characterization and expression analysis of Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity island 3. Implications for the evolution of staphylococcal pathogenicity islands. J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 12; 277(15):13138-47.
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95. Cone LA, Byrd RG, Schulz K, Schlievert PM. Recurrent nonmenstrual toxic shock. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Jan 15; 34(2):289.
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96. Dinges MM, Schlievert PM. Comparative analysis of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha activity in serum and lethality in mice and rabbits pretreated with the staphylococcal superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Infect Immun. 2001 Nov; 69(11):7169-72.
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97. Sutkin G, Capelle SD, Schlievert PM, Creinin MD. Toxic shock syndrome after laminaria insertion. Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Nov; 98(5 Pt 2):959-61.
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98. Schlievert PM. Use of intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndromes and related illnesses. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Oct; 108(4 Suppl):S107-10.
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99. Novick RP, Schlievert P, Ruzin A. Pathogenicity and resistance islands of staphylococci. Microbes Infect. 2001 Jun; 3(7):585-94.
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100. McCormick JK, Hirt H, Waters CM, Tripp TJ, Dunny GM, Schlievert PM. Antibodies to a surface-exposed, N-terminal domain of aggregation substance are not protective in the rabbit model of Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis. Infect Immun. 2001 May; 69(5):3305-14.
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101. Dinges MM, Schlievert PM. Role of T cells and gamma interferon during induction of hypersensitivity to lipopolysaccharide by toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in mice. Infect Immun. 2001 Mar; 69(3):1256-64.
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102. McCormick JK, Pragman AA, Stolpa JC, Leung DY, Schlievert PM. Functional characterization of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin J, a novel superantigen. Infect Immun. 2001 Mar; 69(3):1381-8.
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103. Reed SB, Wesson CA, Liou LE, Trumble WR, Schlievert PM, Bohach GA, Bayles KW. Molecular characterization of a novel Staphylococcus aureus serine protease operon. Infect Immun. 2001 Mar; 69(3):1521-7.
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104. Yarwood JM, McCormick JK, Schlievert PM. Identification of a novel two-component regulatory system that acts in global regulation of virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 2001 Feb; 183(4):1113-23.
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105. Li Y, Li H, Dimasi N, McCormick JK, Martin R, Schuck P, Schlievert PM, Mariuzza RA. Crystal structure of a superantigen bound to the high-affinity, zinc-dependent site on MHC class II. Immunity. 2001 Jan; 14(1):93-104.
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106. Orwin PM, Leung DY, Donahue HL, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Biochemical and biological properties of Staphylococcal enterotoxin K. Infect Immun. 2001 Jan; 69(1):360-6.
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107. McCormick JK, Yarwood JM, Schlievert PM. Toxic shock syndrome and bacterial superantigens: an update. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2001; 55:77-104.
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108. Mitchell DT, Levitt DG, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. Structural evidence for the evolution of pyrogenic toxin superantigens. J Mol Evol. 2000 Dec; 51(6):520-31.
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109. Yarwood JM, Leung DY, Schlievert PM. Evidence for the involvement of bacterial superantigens in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and Kawasaki syndrome. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2000 Nov 1; 192(1):1-7.
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110. Earhart CA, Vath GM, Roggiani M, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. Structure of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A reveals a novel metal cluster. Protein Sci. 2000 Sep; 9(9):1847-51.
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111. Roggiani M, Stoehr JA, Olmsted SB, Matsuka YV, Pillai S, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM. Toxoids of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A are protective in rabbit models of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Infect Immun. 2000 Sep; 68(9):5011-7.
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112. McCormick JK, Tripp TJ, Olmsted SB, Matsuka YV, Gahr PJ, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM. Development of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C vaccine toxoids that are protective in the rabbit model of toxic shock syndrome. J Immunol. 2000 Aug 15; 165(4):2306-12.
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113. Schlievert PM, Jablonski LM, Roggiani M, Sadler I, Callantine S, Mitchell DT, Ohlendorf DH, Bohach GA. Pyrogenic toxin superantigen site specificity in toxic shock syndrome and food poisoning in animals. Infect Immun. 2000 Jun; 68(6):3630-4.
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114. Yarwood JM, Schlievert PM. Oxygen and carbon dioxide regulation of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 production by Staphylococcus aureus MN8. J Clin Microbiol. 2000 May; 38(5):1797-803.
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115. Rago JV, Vath GM, Tripp TJ, Bohach GA, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal exfoliative toxins cleave alpha- and beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormones. Infect Immun. 2000 Apr; 68(4):2366-8.
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116. Schlievert PM. Will therapeutic peptides be kryptonite for superantigens? Nat Med. 2000 Apr; 6(4):378-9.
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117. Skov L, Olsen JV, Giorno R, Schlievert PM, Baadsgaard O, Leung DY. Application of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B on normal and atopic skin induces up-regulation of T cells by a superantigen-mediated mechanism. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000 Apr; 105(4):820-6.
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118. Rago JV, Vath GM, Bohach GA, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM. Mutational analysis of the superantigen staphylococcal exfoliative toxin A (ETA). J Immunol. 2000 Feb 15; 164(4):2207-13.
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119. Dinges MM, Orwin PM, Schlievert PM. Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000 Jan; 13(1):16-34, table of contents.
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120. Roggiani M, Schlievert PM. Purification of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin a. Methods Mol Med. 2000; 36:59-66.
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121. Travers JB, Hamid QA, Norris DA, Kuhn C, Giorno RC, Schlievert PM, Farmer ER, Leung DY. Epidermal HLA-DR and the enhancement of cutaneous reactivity to superantigenic toxins in psoriasis. J Clin Invest. 1999 Nov; 104(9):1181-9.
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122. Wann ER, Fehringer AP, Ezepchuk YV, Schlievert PM, Bina P, Reiser RF, Höök MM, Leung DY. Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients with Kawasaki disease express high levels of protein A. Infect Immun. 1999 Sep; 67(9):4737-43.
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123. Hall M, Hoyt L, Ferrieri P, Schlievert PM, Jenson HB. Kawasaki syndrome-like illness associated with infection caused by enterotoxin B-secreting Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Sep; 29(3):586-9.
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124. Vath GM, Earhart CA, Monie DD, Iandolo JJ, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. The crystal structure of exfoliative toxin B: a superantigen with enzymatic activity. Biochemistry. 1999 Aug 10; 38(32):10239-46.
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125. Monday SR, Vath GM, Ferens WA, Deobald C, Rago JV, Gahr PJ, Monie DD, Iandolo JJ, Chapes SK, Davis WC, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM, Bohach GA. Unique superantigen activity of staphylococcal exfoliative toxins. J Immunol. 1999 Apr 15; 162(8):4550-9.
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126. Andersen PS, Lavoie PM, Sékaly RP, Churchill H, Kranz DM, Schlievert PM, Karjalainen K, Mariuzza RA. Role of the T cell receptor alpha chain in stabilizing TCR-superantigen-MHC class II complexes. Immunity. 1999 Apr; 10(4):473-83.
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127. Hofer MF, Harbeck RJ, Schlievert PM, Leung DY. Staphylococcal toxins augment specific IgE responses by atopic patients exposed to allergen. J Invest Dermatol. 1999 Feb; 112(2):171-6.
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128. Li H, Llera A, Tsuchiya D, Leder L, Ysern X, Schlievert PM, Karjalainen K, Mariuzza RA. Three-dimensional structure of the complex between a T cell receptor beta chain and the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Immunity. 1998 Dec; 9(6):807-16.
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129. Leung DY, Schlievert PM, Meissner HC. The immunopathogenesis and management of Kawasaki syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 1998 Sep; 41(9):1538-47.
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130. Cockerill FR, Schlievert PM, Musser JM. Epidemiology of invasive streptococcal infections. J Infect Dis. 1998 Jun; 177(6):1773-4.
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131. Cockerill FR, Thompson RL, Musser JM, Schlievert PM, Talbot J, Holley KE, Harmsen WS, Ilstrup DM, Kohner PC, Kim MH, Frankfort B, Manahan JM, Steckelberg JM, Roberson F, Wilson WR. Molecular, serological, and clinical features of 16 consecutive cases of invasive streptococcal disease. Southeastern Minnesota Streptococcal Working Group. Clin Infect Dis. 1998 Jun; 26(6):1448-58.
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132. Earhart CA, Mitchell DT, Murray DL, Pinheiro DM, Matsumura M, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. Structures of five mutants of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 with reduced biological activity. Biochemistry. 1998 May 19; 37(20):7194-202.
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133. Saiman L, Jakob K, Holmes KW, Whittier S, Garzon MC, Rago JV, Schlievert PM, Della-Latta P. Molecular epidemiology of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in premature infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1998 Apr; 17(4):329-34.
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134. Leder L, Llera A, Lavoie PM, Lebedeva MI, Li H, Sékaly RP, Bohach GA, Gahr PJ, Schlievert PM, Karjalainen K, Mariuzza RA. A mutational analysis of the binding of staphylococcal enterotoxins B and C3 to the T cell receptor beta chain and major histocompatibility complex class II. J Exp Med. 1998 Mar 16; 187(6):823-33.
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135. Rago JV, Schlievert PM. Mechanisms of pathogenesis of staphylococcal and streptococcal superantigens. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1998; 225:81-97.
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136. Schlievert PM, Gahr PJ, Assimacopoulos AP, Dinges MM, Stoehr JA, Harmala JW, Hirt H, Dunny GM. Aggregation and binding substances enhance pathogenicity in rabbit models of Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis. Infect Immun. 1998 Jan; 66(1):218-23.
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137. Bey TA, Walter FG, Lober W, Schmidt J, Spark R, Schlievert PM. Loxosceles arizonica bite associated with shock. Ann Emerg Med. 1997 Nov; 30(5):701-3.
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138. Leung DY, Sullivan KE, Brown-Whitehorn TF, Fehringer AP, Allen S, Finkel TH, Washington RL, Makida R, Schlievert PM. Association of toxic shock syndrome toxin-secreting and exfoliative toxin-secreting Staphylococcus aureus with Kawasaki syndrome complicated by coronary artery disease. Pediatr Res. 1997 Sep; 42(3):268-72.
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139. Roggiani M, Stoehr JA, Leonard BA, Schlievert PM. Analysis of toxicity of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A mutants. Infect Immun. 1997 Jul; 65(7):2868-75.
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140. Prasad GS, Radhakrishnan R, Mitchell DT, Earhart CA, Dinges MM, Cook WJ, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. Refined structures of three crystal forms of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and of a tetramutant with reduced activity. Protein Sci. 1997 Jun; 6(6):1220-7.
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141. Vath GM, Earhart CA, Rago JV, Kim MH, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. The structure of the superantigen exfoliative toxin A suggests a novel regulation as a serine protease. Biochemistry. 1997 Feb 18; 36(7):1559-66.
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142. Gaskin DK, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM, Hovde CJ. Purification of Staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin: comparison of three isoelectric focusing methods. Protein Expr Purif. 1997 Feb; 9(1):76-82.
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143. Assimacopoulos AP, Stoehr JA, Schlievert PM. Mitogenic factors from group G streptococci associated with scarlet fever and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997; 418:109-14.
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144. Holm SE, Köhler W, Kaplan EL, Schlievert PM, Alouf JE, Stevens DL, Kotb M. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). An update: a roundtable presentation. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997; 418:193-9.
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145. Newton D, Norrby-Teglund A, McGeer A, Low DE, Schlievert PM, Kotb M. Novel superantigens from streptococcal toxic shock syndrome Streptococcus pyogenes isolates. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997; 418:525-9.
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146. Schlievert PM, Dunny GM, Stoehr JA, Assimacopoulos AP. Aggregation and binding substances enhance pathogenicity in a rabbit model of Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997; 418:789-91.
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147. Cockerill FR, MacDonald KL, Thompson RL, Roberson F, Kohner PC, Besser-Wiek J, Manahan JM, Musser JM, Schlievert PM, Talbot J, Frankfort B, Steckelberg JM, Wilson WR, Osterholm MT. An outbreak of invasive group A streptococcal disease associated with high carriage rates of the invasive clone among school-aged children. JAMA. 1997 Jan 1; 277(1):38-43.
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148. Schlievert PM. Searching for superantigens. Immunol Invest. 1997 Jan-Feb; 26(1-2):283-90.
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149. Fields BA, Malchiodi EL, Li H, Ysern X, Stauffacher CV, Schlievert PM, Karjalainen K, Mariuzza RA. Crystal structure of a T-cell receptor beta-chain complexed with a superantigen. Nature. 1996 Nov 14; 384(6605):188-92.
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150. Wagner JG, Schlievert PM, Assimacopoulos AP, Stoehr JA, Carson PJ, Komadina K. Acute group G streptococcal myositis associated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: case report and review. Clin Infect Dis. 1996 Nov; 23(5):1159-61.
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151. Schlievert PM. Effect of Merocel vaginal sponge on growth of Staphylococcus aureus and production of toxic shock syndrome-associated toxins. J Am Coll Surg. 1996 Jul; 183(1):19-24.
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152. Hofer MF, Newell K, Duke RC, Schlievert PM, Freed JH, Leung DY. Differential effects of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 on B cell apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 28; 93(11):5425-30.
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153. Schlievert PM. Tampons and toxic shock syndrome. Med J Aust. 1996 May 20; 164(10):635-6.
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154. Birnbaum G, Kotilinek L, Schlievert P, Clark HB, Trotter J, Horvath E, Gao E, Cox M, Braun PE. Heat shock proteins and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE): I. Immunization with a peptide of the myelin protein 2',3' cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase that is cross-reactive with a heat shock protein alters the course of EAE. J Neurosci Res. 1996 May 15; 44(4):381-96.
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155. Vugia DJ, Peterson CL, Meyers HB, Kim KS, Arrieta A, Schlievert PM, Kaplan EL, Werner SB. Invasive group A streptococcal infections in children with varicella in Southern California. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1996 Feb; 15(2):146-50.
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156. Witcher KJ, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Modulation of immune cell proliferation by glycerol monolaurate. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1996 Jan; 3(1):10-3.
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157. Bohach GA, Stauffacher CV, Ohlendorf DH, Chi YI, Vath GM, Schlievert PM. The staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxin family. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1996; 391:131-54.
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158. Manders SM, Heymann WR, Atillasoy E, Kleeman J, Schlievert PM. Recurrent toxin-mediated perineal erythema. Arch Dermatol. 1996 Jan; 132(1):57-60.
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159. Murray DL, Earhart CA, Mitchell DT, Ohlendorf DH, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Localization of biologically important regions on toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Infect Immun. 1996 Jan; 64(1):371-4.
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160. Schlievert PM, Assimacopoulos AP, Cleary PP. Severe invasive group A streptococcal disease: clinical description and mechanisms of pathogenesis. J Lab Clin Med. 1996 Jan; 127(1):13-22.
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161. Hofer MF, Lester MR, Schlievert PM, Leung DY. Upregulation of IgE synthesis by staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Allergy. 1995 Dec; 25(12):1218-27.
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162. Malchiodi EL, Eisenstein E, Fields BA, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM, Karjalainen K, Mariuzza RA. Superantigen binding to a T cell receptor beta chain of known three-dimensional structure. J Exp Med. 1995 Dec 1; 182(6):1833-45.
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163. Leung DY, Meissner HC, Fulton DR, Quimby F, Schlievert PM. Superantigens in Kawasaki syndrome. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1995 Nov; 77(2):119-26.
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164. Leung DY, Meissner C, Fulton D, Schlievert PM. The potential role of bacterial superantigens in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki syndrome. J Clin Immunol. 1995 Nov; 15(6 Suppl):11S-17S.
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165. Schlievert PM, Bohach GA, Ohlendorf DH, Stauffacher CV, Leung DY, Murray DL, Prasad GS, Earhart CA, Jablonski LM, Hoffmann ML, Chi YI. Molecular structure of staphylococcus and streptococcus superantigens. J Clin Immunol. 1995 Nov; 15(6 Suppl):4S-10S.
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166. Nyberg SL, Schlievert PM, Saul W, Johnson JR, Ferrieri P, Watkins VS. Successful management of a serious group A streptococcal infection during the third trimester of pregnancy. Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Oct; 21(4):1058-9.
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167. Schlievert PM. Comparison of cotton and cotton/rayon tampons for effect on production of toxic shock syndrome toxin. J Infect Dis. 1995 Oct; 172(4):1112-4.
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168. Forni AL, Kaplan EL, Schlievert PM, Roberts RB. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of severe group A streptococcus infections and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Aug; 21(2):333-40.
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169. Schad EM, Zaitseva I, Zaitsev VN, Dohlsten M, Kalland T, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH, Svensson LA. Crystal structure of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin type A. EMBO J. 1995 Jul 17; 14(14):3292-301.
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170. Hussain SM, Luedtke GS, Baker CJ, Schlievert PM, Leggiadro RJ. Invasive group B streptococcal disease in children beyond early infancy. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1995 Apr; 14(4):278-81.
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171. Leung DY, Gately M, Trumble A, Ferguson-Darnell B, Schlievert PM, Picker LJ. Bacterial superantigens induce T cell expression of the skin-selective homing receptor, the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, via stimulation of interleukin 12 production. J Exp Med. 1995 Feb 1; 181(2):747-53.
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172. Watanabe-Ohnishi R, Low DE, McGeer A, Stevens DL, Schlievert PM, Newton D, Schwartz B, Kreiswirth B, Kotb M. Selective depletion of V beta-bearing T cells in patients with severe invasive group A streptococcal infections and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Ontario Streptococcal Study Project. J Infect Dis. 1995 Jan; 171(1):74-84.
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173. Smith RJ, Schlievert PM, Himelright IM, Baddour LM. Dual infections with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes causing toxic shock syndrome. Possible synergistic effects of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1994 Aug; 19(4):245-7.
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174. Projan SJ, Brown-Skrobot S, Schlievert PM, Vandenesch F, Novick RP. Glycerol monolaurate inhibits the production of beta-lactamase, toxic shock toxin-1, and other staphylococcal exoproteins by interfering with signal transduction. J Bacteriol. 1994 Jul; 176(14):4204-9.
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175. Meissner HC, Schlievert PM, Leung DY. Mechanisms of immunoglobulin action: observations on Kawasaki syndrome and RSV prophylaxis. Immunol Rev. 1994 Jun; 139:109-23.
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176. Davies HD, Matlow A, Scriver SR, Schlievert P, Lovgren M, Talbot JA, Low DE. Apparent lower rates of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and lower mortality in children with invasive group A streptococcal infections compared with adults. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1994 Jan; 13(1):49-56.
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177. Murray DL, Prasad GS, Earhart CA, Leonard BA, Kreiswirth BN, Novick RP, Ohlendorf DH, Schlievert PM. Immunobiologic and biochemical properties of mutants of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. J Immunol. 1994 Jan 1; 152(1):87-95.
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178. Prasad GS, Earhart CA, Murray DL, Novick RP, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. Structure of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Biochemistry. 1993 Dec 21; 32(50):13761-6.
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179. Leung DY, Meissner HC, Fulton DR, Murray DL, Kotzin BL, Schlievert PM. Toxic shock syndrome toxin-secreting Staphylococcus aureus in Kawasaki syndrome. Lancet. 1993 Dec 4; 342(8884):1385-8.
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180. Earhart CA, Prasad GS, Murray DL, Novick RP, Schlievert PM, Ohlendorf DH. Growth and analysis of crystal forms of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Proteins. 1993 Nov; 17(3):329-34.
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181. Ware JC, Eich WF, Ruben EB, Malone JA, Schlievert PM, Gray BM. Streptococcal toxic shock in three Alabama children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1993 Sep; 12(9):765-9.
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182. Wang B, Schlievert PM, Gaber AO, Kotb M. Localization of an immunologically functional region of the streptococcal superantigen pepsin-extracted fragment of type 5 M protein. J Immunol. 1993 Aug 1; 151(3):1419-29.
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183. Schlievert PM, Gocke JE, Deringer JR. Group B streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome: report of a case and purification of an associated pyrogenic toxin. Clin Infect Dis. 1993 Jul; 17(1):26-31.
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184. Demers B, Simor AE, Vellend H, Schlievert PM, Byrne S, Jamieson F, Walmsley S, Low DE. Severe invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ontario, Canada: 1987-1991. Clin Infect Dis. 1993 Jun; 16(6):792-800; discussion 801-2.
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185. Leggiadro RJ, Bugnitz MC, Peck BA, Luedtke GS, Kim MH, Kaplan EL, Schlievert PM. Group A streptococcal bacteremia in a mid-south children's hospital. South Med J. 1993 Jun; 86(6):615-8.
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186. Schwab JH, Brown RR, Anderle SK, Schlievert PM. Superantigen can reactivate bacterial cell wall-induced arthritis. J Immunol. 1993 May 1; 150(9):4151-9.
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187. Schlievert PM. Role of superantigens in human disease. J Infect Dis. 1993 May; 167(5):997-1002.
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188. Musser JM, Kapur V, Kanjilal S, Shah U, Musher DM, Barg NL, Johnston KH, Schlievert PM, Henrichsen J, Gerlach D, et al. Geographic and temporal distribution and molecular characterization of two highly pathogenic clones of Streptococcus pyogenes expressing allelic variants of pyrogenic exotoxin A (Scarlet fever toxin). J Infect Dis. 1993 Feb; 167(2):337-46.
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189. Blocki FA, Schlievert PM, Wackett LP. Rat liver protein linking chemical and immunological detoxification systems. Nature. 1992 Nov 19; 360(6401):269-70.
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190. Cherchi GB, Kaplan EL, Schlievert PM, Bitti A, Orefici G. First reported case of Streptococcus pyogenes infection with toxic shock-like syndrome in Italy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1992 Sep; 11(9):836-8.
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191. Kapur V, Nelson K, Schlievert PM, Selander RK, Musser JM. Molecular population genetic evidence of horizontal spread of two alleles of the pyrogenic exotoxin C gene (speC) among pathogenic clones of Streptococcus pyogenes. Infect Immun. 1992 Sep; 60(9):3513-7.
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192. Leonard BA, Schlievert PM. Immune cell lethality induced by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A and endotoxin. Infect Immun. 1992 Sep; 60(9):3747-55.
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193. Begovac J, Gmajnicki B, Schlievert PM, Johnson DR, Kaplan EL. Production of pyrogenic exotoxins in group A streptococci isolated from patients in Zagreb, Croatia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1992 Jun; 11(6):540-3.
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194. Lee PK, Kreiswirth BN, Deringer JR, Projan SJ, Eisner W, Smith BL, Carlson E, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Nucleotide sequences and biologic properties of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 from ovine- and bovine-associated Staphylococcus aureus. J Infect Dis. 1992 Jun; 165(6):1056-63.
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195. Chapnick EK, Gradon JD, Lutwick LI, Kim J, Levi M, Kim MH, Schlievert PM. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome due to noninvasive pharyngitis. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 May; 14(5):1074-7.
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196. Cone LA, Woodard DR, Byrd RG, Schulz K, Kopp SM, Schlievert PM. A recalcitrant, erythematous, desquamating disorder associated with toxin-producing staphylococci in patients with AIDS. J Infect Dis. 1992 Apr; 165(4):638-43.
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197. Schlievert PM, Deringer JR, Kim MH, Projan SJ, Novick RP. Effect of glycerol monolaurate on bacterial growth and toxin production. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 Mar; 36(3):626-31.
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198. Musser JM, Gray BM, Schlievert PM, Pichichero ME. Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis: characterization of strains by multilocus enzyme genotype, M and T protein serotype, and pyrogenic exotoxin gene probing. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Mar; 30(3):600-3.
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199. Cleary PP, Kaplan EL, Handley JP, Wlazlo A, Kim MH, Hauser AR, Schlievert PM. Clonal basis for resurgence of serious Streptococcus pyogenes disease in the 1980s. Lancet. 1992 Feb 29; 339(8792):518-21.
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200. Tomai MA, Schlievert PM, Kotb M. Distinct T-cell receptor V beta gene usage by human T lymphocytes stimulated with the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins and pep M5 protein. Infect Immun. 1992 Feb; 60(2):701-5.
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201. Ostrow RS, Forslund KM, McGlennen RC, Shaw DP, Schlievert PM, Ussery MA, Huggins JW, Faras AJ. Ribavirin mitigates wart growth in rabbits at early stages of infection with cottontail rabbit papillomavirus. Antiviral Res. 1992 Feb; 17(2):99-113.
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202. Kaplan EL, Johnson DR, Wlazlo A, Kim MH, Schlievert PM. Stability of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin production with laboratory manipulation of group A streptococci. J Infect Dis. 1991 Dec; 164(6):1210-1.
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203. Schlievert PM, Kim MH. Reporting of toxic shock syndrome Staphylococcus aureus in 1982 to 1990. J Infect Dis. 1991 Dec; 164(6):1245-6.
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204. Nelson K, Schlievert PM, Selander RK, Musser JM. Characterization and clonal distribution of four alleles of the speA gene encoding pyrogenic exotoxin A (scarlet fever toxin) in Streptococcus pyogenes. J Exp Med. 1991 Nov 1; 174(5):1271-4.
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205. Bradley JS, Schlievert PM, Peterson BM. Toxic shock-like syndrome, a complication of strep throat. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1991 Oct; 10(10):790.
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206. Lee PK, Vercellotti GM, Deringer JR, Schlievert PM. Effects of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 on aortic endothelial cells. J Infect Dis. 1991 Oct; 164(4):711-9.
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207. Hauser AR, Stevens DL, Kaplan EL, Schlievert PM. Molecular analysis of pyrogenic exotoxins from Streptococcus pyogenes isolates associated with toxic shock-like syndrome. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Aug; 29(8):1562-7.
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208. Wheeler MC, Roe MH, Kaplan EL, Schlievert PM, Todd JK. Outbreak of group A streptococcus septicemia in children. Clinical, epidemiologic, and microbiological correlates. JAMA. 1991 Jul 24-31; 266(4):533-7.
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209. Belani K, Schlievert PM, Kaplan EL, Ferrieri P. Association of exotoxin-producing group A streptococci and severe disease in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1991 May; 10(5):351-4.
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210. Musser JM, Hauser AR, Kim MH, Schlievert PM, Nelson K, Selander RK. Streptococcus pyogenes causing toxic-shock-like syndrome and other invasive diseases: clonal diversity and pyrogenic exotoxin expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Apr 1; 88(7):2668-72.
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211. Leonard BA, Lee PK, Jenkins MK, Schlievert PM. Cell and receptor requirements for streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin T-cell mitogenicity. Infect Immun. 1991 Mar; 59(3):1210-4.
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212. Lee PK, Deringer JR, Kreiswirth BN, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Fluid replacement protection of rabbits challenged subcutaneous with toxic shock syndrome toxins. Infect Immun. 1991 Mar; 59(3):879-84.
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213. Bradley JS, Schlievert PM, Sample TG. Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome as a complication of varicella. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1991 Jan; 10(1):77-9.
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214. Valenzuela TD, Hooton TM, Kaplan EL, Schlievert P. Transmission of 'toxic strep' syndrome from an infected child to a firefighter during CPR. Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Jan; 20(1):90-2.
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215. Lee PK, Schlievert PM. Molecular genetics of pyrogenic exotoxin "superantigens" of group A streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1991; 174:1-19.
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216. Hauser AR, Schlievert PM. Nucleotide sequence of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B gene and relationship between the toxin and the streptococcal proteinase precursor. J Bacteriol. 1990 Aug; 172(8):4536-42.
  View in: PubMed
 
217. McCollister BD, Kreiswirth BN, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Production of toxic shock syndrome-like illness in rabbits by Staphylococcus aureus D4508: association with enterotoxin A. Infect Immun. 1990 Jul; 58(7):2067-70.
  View in: PubMed
 
218. Norton SD, Schlievert PM, Novick RP, Jenkins MK. Molecular requirements for T cell activation by the staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. J Immunol. 1990 Mar 15; 144(6):2089-95.
  View in: PubMed
 
219. Bohach GA, Fast DJ, Nelson RD, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins involved in toxic shock syndrome and related illnesses. Crit Rev Microbiol. 1990; 17(4):251-72.
  View in: PubMed
 
220. Musser JM, Schlievert PM, Chow AW, Ewan P, Kreiswirth BN, Rosdahl VT, Naidu AS, Witte W, Selander RK. A single clone of Staphylococcus aureus causes the majority of cases of toxic shock syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan; 87(1):225-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
221. Lee PK, Schlievert PM. Quantification and toxicity of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins in an animal model of toxic shock syndrome-like illness. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Aug; 27(8):1890-2.
  View in: PubMed
 
222. Stevens DL, Tanner MH, Winship J, Swarts R, Ries KM, Schlievert PM, Kaplan E. Severe group A streptococcal infections associated with a toxic shock-like syndrome and scarlet fever toxin A. N Engl J Med. 1989 Jul 6; 321(1):1-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
223. Rizkallah MF, Tolaymat A, Martinez JS, Schlievert PM, Ayoub EM. Toxic shock syndrome caused by a strain of Staphylococcus aureus that produces enterotoxin C but not toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. Am J Dis Child. 1989 Jul; 143(7):848-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
224. Bohach GA, Schlievert PM. Conservation of the biologically active portions of staphylococcal enterotoxins C1 and C2. Infect Immun. 1989 Jul; 57(7):2249-52.
  View in: PubMed
 
225. Priest BP, Schlievert PM, Dunn DL. Treatment of toxic shock syndrome with endotoxin-neutralizing antibody. J Surg Res. 1989 Jun; 46(6):527-31.
  View in: PubMed
 
226. Goshorn SC, Schlievert PM. Bacteriophage association of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C. J Bacteriol. 1989 Jun; 171(6):3068-73.
  View in: PubMed
 
227. Schlievert PM, Gray ED. Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (scarlet fever toxin) type A and blastogen A are the same protein. Infect Immun. 1989 Jun; 57(6):1865-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
228. Cavalieri SJ, Allais JM, Schlievert PM, Dworzack DL, Clark RB. Group A streptococcal peritonitis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Am J Med. 1989 Feb; 86(2):249-50.
  View in: PubMed
 
229. Schlievert PM. Role of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in toxic shock syndrome: overview. Rev Infect Dis. 1989 Jan-Feb; 11 Suppl 1:S107-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
230. Fast DJ, Schlievert PM, Nelson RD. Toxic shock syndrome-associated staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins are potent inducers of tumor necrosis factor production. Infect Immun. 1989 Jan; 57(1):291-4.
  View in: PubMed
 
231. Bohach GA, Handley JP, Schlievert PM. Biological and immunological properties of the carboxyl terminus of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1. Infect Immun. 1989 Jan; 57(1):23-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
232. Kreiswirth BN, Projan SJ, Schlievert PM, Novick RP. Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 is encoded by a variable genetic element. Rev Infect Dis. 1989 Jan-Feb; 11 Suppl 1:S83-8; discussion S88-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
233. Bohach GA, Kreiswirth BN, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Analysis of toxic shock syndrome isolates producing staphylococcal enterotoxins B and C1 with use of southern hybridization and immunologic assays. Rev Infect Dis. 1989 Jan-Feb; 11 Suppl 1:S75-81; discussion S81-2.
  View in: PubMed
 
234. Peng HL, Novick RP, Kreiswirth B, Kornblum J, Schlievert P. Cloning, characterization, and sequencing of an accessory gene regulator (agr) in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 1988 Sep; 170(9):4365-72.
  View in: PubMed
 
235. Murphy BG, Kreiswirth BN, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Localization of a biologically important epitope on toxic-shock-syndrome toxin-1. J Infect Dis. 1988 Sep; 158(3):549-55.
  View in: PubMed
 
236. Goshorn SC, Schlievert PM. Nucleotide sequence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C. Infect Immun. 1988 Sep; 56(9):2518-20.
  View in: PubMed
 
237. Kass EH, Schlievert PM, Parsonnet J, Mills JT. Effect of magnesium on production of toxic-shock-syndrome toxin-1: a collaborative study. J Infect Dis. 1988 Jul; 158(1):44-51.
  View in: PubMed
 
238. Bohach GA, Hauser AR, Schlievert PM. Cloning of the gene, speB, for streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B in Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1988 Jun; 56(6):1665-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
239. Goshorn SC, Bohach GA, Schlievert PM. Cloning and characterization of the gene, speC, for pyrogenic exotoxin type C from Streptococcus pyogenes. Mol Gen Genet. 1988 Apr; 212(1):66-70.
  View in: PubMed
 
240. Bohach GA, Hovde CJ, Handley JP, Schlievert PM. Cross-neutralization of staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Infect Immun. 1988 Feb; 56(2):400-4.
  View in: PubMed
 
241. Fast DJ, Schlievert PM, Nelson RD. Nonpurulent response to toxic shock syndrome toxin 1-producing Staphylococcus aureus. Relationship to toxin-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor. J Immunol. 1988 Feb 1; 140(3):949-53.
  View in: PubMed
 
242. Schlievert PM. Immunochemical assays for toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. Methods Enzymol. 1988; 165:339-44.
  View in: PubMed
 
243. Bohach GA, Schlievert PM. Detection of endotoxin by enhancement with toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). Methods Enzymol. 1988; 165:302-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
244. Blomster-Hautamaa DA, Schlievert PM. Preparation of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. Methods Enzymol. 1988; 165:37-43.
  View in: PubMed
 
245. Kreiswirth BN, Schlievert PM, Novick RP. Evaluation of coagulase-negative staphylococci for ability to produce toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Oct; 25(10):2028-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
246. Bohach GA, Schlievert PM. Nucleotide sequence of the staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 gene and relatedness to other pyrogenic toxins. Mol Gen Genet. 1987 Aug; 209(1):15-20.
  View in: PubMed
 
247. Cone LA, Woodard DR, Schlievert PM, Tomory GS. Clinical and bacteriologic observations of a toxic shock-like syndrome due to Streptococcus pyogenes. N Engl J Med. 1987 Jul 16; 317(3):146-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
248. Poindexter NJ, Schlievert PM. Binding of toxic-shock-syndrome toxin-1 to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Infect Dis. 1987 Jul; 156(1):122-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
249. Kreiswirth BN, Handley JP, Schlievert PM, Novick RP. Cloning and expression of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A and staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Gen Genet. 1987 Jun; 208(1-2):84-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
250. Stone RL, Schlievert PM. Evidence for the involvement of endotoxin in toxic shock syndrome. J Infect Dis. 1987 Apr; 155(4):682-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
251. MacDonald KL, Osterholm MT, Hedberg CW, Schrock CG, Peterson GF, Jentzen JM, Leonard SA, Schlievert PM. Toxic shock syndrome. A newly recognized complication of influenza and influenzalike illness. JAMA. 1987 Feb 27; 257(8):1053-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
252. Bohach GA, Schlievert PM. Expression of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 in Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1987 Feb; 55(2):428-32.
  View in: PubMed
 
253. Blomster-Hautamaa DA, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Localization of biologic functions of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 by use of monoclonal antibodies and cyanogen bromide-generated toxin fragments. J Immunol. 1986 Dec 1; 137(11):3572-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
254. Blomster-Hautamaa DA, Kreiswirth BN, Kornblum JS, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. The nucleotide and partial amino acid sequence of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. J Biol Chem. 1986 Nov 25; 261(33):15783-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
255. Kreiswirth BN, Kravitz GR, Schlievert PM, Novick RP. Nosocomial transmission of a strain of Staphylococcus aureus causing toxic shock syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1986 Nov; 105(5):704-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
256. Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B and toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 are significantly associated with non-menstrual TSS. Lancet. 1986 May 17; 1(8490):1149-50.
  View in: PubMed
 
257. Johnson LP, Tomai MA, Schlievert PM. Bacteriophage involvement in group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A production. J Bacteriol. 1986 May; 166(2):623-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
258. Johnson LP, L'Italien JJ, Schlievert PM. Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type A (scarlet fever toxin) is related to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B. Mol Gen Genet. 1986 May; 203(2):354-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
259. Poindexter NJ, Schlievert PM. Suppression of immunoglobulin-secreting cells from human peripheral blood by toxic-shock-syndrome toxin-1. J Infect Dis. 1986 Apr; 153(4):772-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
260. Blomster-Hautamaa DA, Kreiswirth BN, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. Resolution of highly purified toxic-shock syndrome toxin 1 into two distinct proteins by isoelectric focusing. Biochemistry. 1986 Jan 14; 25(1):54-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
261. Keane WF, Gekker G, Schlievert PM, Peterson PK. Enhancement of endotoxin-induced isolated renal tubular cell injury by toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Am J Pathol. 1986 Jan; 122(1):169-76.
  View in: PubMed
 
262. Recsei P, Kreiswirth B, O'Reilly M, Schlievert P, Gruss A, Novick RP. Regulation of exoprotein gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus by agar. Mol Gen Genet. 1986 Jan; 202(1):58-61.
  View in: PubMed
 
263. Schlievert PM. Effect of magnesium on production of toxic-shock-syndrome toxin-1 by Staphylococcus aureus. J Infect Dis. 1985 Sep; 152(3):618-20.
  View in: PubMed
 
264. Poindexter NJ, Schlievert PM. Toxic-shock-syndrome toxin 1-induced proliferation of lymphocytes: comparison of the mitogenic response of human, murine, and rabbit lymphocytes. J Infect Dis. 1985 Jan; 151(1):65-72.
  View in: PubMed
 
265. Schlievert PM, Blomster DA, Kelly JA. Toxic shock syndrome Staphylococcus aureus: effect of tampons on toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 production. Obstet Gynecol. 1984 Nov; 64(5):666-71.
  View in: PubMed
 
266. Schlievert PM, Kelly JA. Clindamycin-induced suppression of toxic-shock syndrome--associated exotoxin production. J Infect Dis. 1984 Mar; 149(3):471.
  View in: PubMed
 
267. Schlievert PM. Biological properties of toxic shock syndrome exotoxin. Surv Synth Pathol Res. 1984; 3(1):54-62.
  View in: PubMed
 
268. Johnson LP, Schlievert PM. Group A streptococcal phage T12 carries the structural gene for pyrogenic exotoxin type A. Mol Gen Genet. 1984; 194(1-2):52-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
269. Kreiswirth BN, Löfdahl S, Betley MJ, O'Reilly M, Schlievert PM, Bergdoll MS, Novick RP. The toxic shock syndrome exotoxin structural gene is not detectably transmitted by a prophage. Nature. 1983 Oct 20-26; 305(5936):709-12.
  View in: PubMed
 
270. Bonventre PF, Weckbach L, Staneck J, Schlievert PM, Thompson M. Production of staphylococcal enterotoxin F and pyrogenic exotoxin C by Staphylococcus aureus isolates from toxic shock syndrome-associated sources. Infect Immun. 1983 Jun; 40(3):1023-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
271. Schlievert PM, Varner MW, Galask RP. Endotoxin enhancement as a possible etiology of early-onset group B beta-hemolytic streptococcal sepsis in the newborn. Obstet Gynecol. 1983 May; 61(5):588-92.
  View in: PubMed
 
272. Pollack M, Weinberg WG, Hoskins WJ, O'Brien WF, Iannini PB, Anderson SE, Schlievert PM. Toxinogenic vaginal infections due to Staphylococcus aureus in menstruating rhesus monkeys without toxic-shock syndrome. J Infect Dis. 1983 May; 147(5):963-4.
  View in: PubMed
 
273. Schlievert PM. Alteration of immune function by staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C: possible role in toxic-shock syndrome. J Infect Dis. 1983 Mar; 147(3):391-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
274. Altemeier WA, Lewis SA, Bjornson HS, Staneck JL, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcus in toxic shock syndrome and other surgical infections. Development of new bacteriophages. Arch Surg. 1983 Mar; 118(3):281-4.
  View in: PubMed
 
275. Schlievert PM, Blomster DA. Production of staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C: influence of physical and chemical factors. J Infect Dis. 1983 Feb; 147(2):236-42.
  View in: PubMed
 
276. Peterson PK, Schlievert PM, Conroy W, Kelly JA, Spika J, Quie PG. Protection against staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C-enhanced endotoxin lethality with methylprednisolone and IgG. J Infect Dis. 1983 Feb; 147(2):358.
  View in: PubMed
 
277. Johnson LP, Schlievert PM. A physical map of the group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin bacteriophage T12 genome. Mol Gen Genet. 1983; 189(2):251-5.
  View in: PubMed
 
278. Kreiswirth BN, Novick RP, Schlievert PM, Bergdoll M. Genetic studies on Staphylococcal strains from patients with toxic shock syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1982 Jun; 96(6 Pt 2):974-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
279. Altemeier WA, Lewis SA, Schlievert PM, Bergdoll MS, Bjornson HS, Staneck JL, Crass BA. Staphylococcus aureus associated with toxic shock syndrome: phage typing and toxin capability testing. Ann Intern Med. 1982 Jun; 96(6 Pt 2):978-82.
  View in: PubMed
 
280. Schlievert PM, Osterholm MT, Kelly JA, Nishimura RD. Toxin and enzyme characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients with and without toxic shock syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1982 Jun; 96(6 Pt 2):937-40.
  View in: PubMed
 
281. Schlievert PM, Kelly JA. Staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C: further characterization. Ann Intern Med. 1982 Jun; 96(6 Pt 2):982-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
282. Schlievert PM. Enhancement of host susceptibility to lethal endotoxin shock by staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C. Infect Immun. 1982 Apr; 36(1):123-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
283. Schachern PA, Paparella MM, Goycoolea M, Goldberg B, Schlievert P. The round window membrane following application of staphylococcal exotoxin: an electron microscopic study. Laryngoscope. 1981 Dec; 91(12):2007-17.
  View in: PubMed
 
284. Altemeier WA, Lewis S, Schlievert PM, Bjornson HS. Studies of the staphylococcal causation of toxic shock syndrome. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1981 Oct; 153(4):481-5.
  View in: PubMed
 
285. Schlievert PM, Shands KN, Dan BB, Schmid GP, Nishimura RD. Identification and characterization of an exotoxin from Staphylococcus aureus associated with toxic-shock syndrome. J Infect Dis. 1981 Apr; 143(4):509-16.
  View in: PubMed
 
286. Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal scarlet fever: role of pyrogenic exotoxins. Infect Immun. 1981 Feb; 31(2):732-6.
  View in: PubMed
 
287. Schlievert PM. Purification and characterization of staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B. Biochemistry. 1980 Dec 23; 19(26):6204-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
288. Schlievert PM. Activation of murine T-suppressor lymphocytes by group A streptococcal and staphylococcal pyurogenic exotoxins. Infect Immun. 1980 Jun; 28(3):876-80.
  View in: PubMed
 
289. Johnson LP, Schlievert PM, Watson DW. Transfer of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin production to nontoxigenic strains of lysogenic conversion. Infect Immun. 1980 Apr; 28(1):254-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
290. Goycoolea MV, Paparella MM, Goldberg B, Schlievert PM, Carpenter AM. Permeability of the middle ear to staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin in otitis media. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1980 Feb; 1(4):301-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
291. Schlievert PM, Bettin KM, Watson DW. Inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. Infect Immun. 1980 Feb; 27(2):542-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
292. Schlievert PM, Schoettle DJ, Watson DW. Ganglioside and monosaccharide inhibition of nonspecific lymphocyte mitogenicity by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. Infect Immun. 1980 Jan; 27(1):276-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
293. Schlievert PM, Bettin KM, Watson DW. Production of pyrogenic exotoxin by groups of streptococci: association with group A. J Infect Dis. 1979 Nov; 140(5):676-81.
  View in: PubMed
 
294. Schlievert PM, Watson DW. Biogenic amine involvement in pyrogenicity and enhancement of lethal endotoxin shock by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1979 Nov; 162(2):269-74.
  View in: PubMed
 
295. Schlievert PM, Bettin KM, Watson DW. Natural phosphorylation of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C. Infect Immun. 1979 Nov; 26(2):585-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
296. Schlievert PM, Bettin KM, Watson DW. Reinterpretation of the Dick test: role of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. Infect Immun. 1979 Nov; 26(2):467-72.
  View in: PubMed
 
297. Schlievert PM, Schoettle DJ, Watson DW. Nonspecific T-lymphocyte mitogenesis by pyrogenic exotoxins from group A streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Immun. 1979 Sep; 25(3):1075-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
298. Schlievert PM, Schoettle DJ, Watson DW. Purification and physicochemical and biological characterization of a staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. Infect Immun. 1979 Mar; 23(3):609-17.
  View in: PubMed
 
299. Barsumian EL, Schlievert PM, Watson DW. Nonspecific and specific immunological mitogenicity by group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins. Infect Immun. 1978 Dec; 22(3):681-8.
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300. Schlievert PM, Watson DW. Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin: pyrogenicity, alteration of blood-brain barrier, and separation of sites for pyrogenicity and enhancement of lethal endotoxin shock. Infect Immun. 1978 Sep; 21(3):753-63.
  View in: PubMed
 
301. Barsumian EL, Cunningham CM, Schlievert PM, Watson DW. Heterogeneity of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B. Infect Immun. 1978 May; 20(2):512-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
302. Schlievert PM, Bettin KM, Watson DW. Effect of antipyretics on group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin fever production and ability to enhance lethal endotoxin shock. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1978 Mar; 157(3):472-5.
  View in: PubMed
 
303. Schlievert PM, Bettin KM, Watson DW. Purification and characterization of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C. Infect Immun. 1977 May; 16(2):673-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
304. Schlievert P, Johnson W, Galask RP. Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. VII. The effect of zinc supplementation on bacterial inhibitory activity of amniotic fluids from gestation of 20 weeks. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1977 Mar 15; 127(6):603-8.
  View in: PubMed
 
305. Schlievert P, Johnson W, Galask RP. Amniotic fluid antibacterial mechanisms: newer concepts. Semin Perinatol. 1977 Jan; 1(1):59-70.
  View in: PubMed
 
306. Schlievert P, Johnson W, Galask RP. Isolation of a low-molecular-weight antibacterial system from human amniotic fluid. Infect Immun. 1976 Nov; 14(5):1156-66.
  View in: PubMed
 
307. Schlievert P, Johnson W, Galask RP. Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. V. Phosphate-to-zinc ratio as a predictor of bacterial growth-inhibitory activity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976 Aug 1; 125(7):899-905.
  View in: PubMed
 
308. Schlievert P, Larsen B, Johnson W, Galask RP. Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. III. Demonstration of the variability of bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid with a new plate-count technique. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1975 Aug 1; 122(7):809-19.
  View in: PubMed
 
309. Schlievert P, Larsen B, Johnson W, Galask RP. Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. IV. Studies on the nature of bacterial inhibition with the use of plate-count determinations. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1975 Aug 1; 122(7):814-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
310. Larsen B, Schlievert P, Galask R. The spectrum of antibacterial activity of human amniotic fluid determined by scanning electron microscopy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1974 Aug 1; 119(7):895-903.
  View in: PubMed
 
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Superantigens
Staphylococcus aureus
Bacterial Toxins
Enterotoxins
Shock, Septic
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Dunny, Gary
Earhart, Cathleen
Kaplan, Edward
Ohlendorf, Douglas
Peterson, Marnie
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